Do the calculations. Work out how much space one photograph takes. Estimate how many photographs you will take per dive. You can then work out how many dives each card will last.
I know with my D300 I was just over half filling a 4GB card on a single dive shooting raw+jpeg. I now have an 8GB card so I could probably last 3, maybe 4, dives. For the calculations: The raws are between 10 and 15MB and the jpegs are between 3 and 5MB. Worst case, 20MB per photo, so I can get 400 on a 8GB card. With 80-120 photos per dive, that's 3-4 dives.
Some other things to consider: Will you be using the same lens for all dives? If you are going to change the lens, you may as well change the memory card and the battery. What is your battery life like?
One thing that is always in the back of my mind on a liveaboard is a housing flood. That would be devastating, but if I change the memory card after each dive I will at least have the photos from all the dives prior to the flood.