Hi Anders,
Yes, this is confusing. For now, just drop the DS50 out of this discussion. It's a TTL strobe, just like a lot of other TTL strobes that will work w/ the cameras mentioned.
I'm not sure 100% but I'd bet that TTL will work with the 5400... It's hard to say. The reason is that the CP5000, 5700, and probablyl the 5400 don't do "real" TTL either. They use a light sensor on the front of the camera to meter flash light returning to the camera. They do NOT meter flash light returning to the CCD.
The reason that Nikon developed D-TTL is that light doesn't really reflect off of a CCD. The CCD absorbs light and converts it to electric current. So the definition of film ttl "the camera meters reflected light off of the film plane and shuts down the flash accordingly" just doesn't apply.
Somehow, the properties of Fuji's proprietary "SuperCCD" make it just reflective enough for "regular old film TTL" to work. So "true TTL" actually works with the S2pro.
I hope that is a good explanation. As you can see, none of this actually depends on the strobe. It's all about the camera.
Cheers
James