Hi,
1. On manual, ISO 200, WB Cloudy, the meter seems to become irrelevant? For shots that looked good in the monitor the meter showed them way underexposed. Does anyone use the meter?
That sounds about right. The meter is calibrated so that the shot will come out with an average "brightness" of 18% gray. That works pretty well for above water shooting, but I used the meter on my S2 a lot for my first dives and found that the water was too light. I try to underexpose the meter reading by about 1 stop for a good blue water background.
2. In a small, white bottom/sided pool setting the flashes over ½ just caused everything to wash out. I assume in open water the flash will be better absorbed?
That totally depends on your subject. Check the guide number of your flashes and use the guide number calculation to get your flash power. Guide number(ft) = fstop / distance(ft) That will give you a good starting point for setting your flash. I usually start with the highest power and the highest F-stop I can get.
3. My air consumption is going to go way up! With the dome port, shade, 2 strobes and long TLC arms there is a lot of drag. But even though slightly negative still handles pretty well underwater. Typical swimming tropic dive on a 80cu tank I get 1:10-1:20. How much time did packing a camera take out of your bottom time?
You have to be a good diver before you can take your camera down. Don't allow yourself to get distracted by all the buttons and dials and endanger yourself or your dive buddy or the reef. Don't skip breath too much or you will get a headache (or worse). Your air consumption may go down or it may go up - it's hard to say.
4. What are the advantages of shooting Aperture Priority over Manual?
Manual - you get the exposure YOU want, not what the camera wants. If you DO shoot in A, you may want to dial in some compensation - see above. Use matrix metering.
5. Have extra everythings, batteries, o-rings, grease, etc… What are your “must have” items with a system like this? What are your “must follow” procedures when boat diving with your equipment?
Don't open the housing on the boat if you can help it. For Coz, you WON'T want to open your housings on the boat, believe me. Shooting w/ a D100 you should be able to go 5 dives shooting RAW w/ a 2 gig card or like 10 dives shooting JPEG with a 1 gig card. Bring some soft cloths for cleaning your ports, extra battery chargers etc.
Good luck,
James