On 7/23/2023 at 10:52 PM, ChrisRoss said:
I would argue that there is nothing magical about life size. You could turn this on it's head in so far as you can capture the same subject at half life size and get the benefits accruing from that of greater depth of field and arguably higher resolution due to smaller effective aperture and less diffraction or you could open up the aperture if desired.
Sensor-size 'equivalence' behavior always gives me brain spasms and in practise I don't think sensor size matters much (I am a MFT shooter myself). My thinking is that a larger sensor can indeed more accurately record the optical image created by the lens, but my 'bad images' are always due to failing to create a good optical image in the first place (poor focus, exposure, subject distance, composition, ...). Better viewfinder, autofocus, metering and more time underwater to hone my skills are more important than sensor size.
Macro photography may be one area were a larger sensor does help, at least on paper. In my thinking, macro photography is about resolution with magnification playing a secondary role needed to match optical resolution to sensor resolution. For instance, if your optical image has greater resolution than what can be captured by the sensor you can either match the sensor to the optical image (use smaller pixels) or match the optical image to the sensor (use higher magnification). As a concrete example, the pixel size of the 40 Mpixel APS-C sensor in the Fujifilm X-T5 is very similar to a 20 Mpixel MFT sensor (it is equivalent to a 22.5 Mpixel MFT to be precise). If the optical resolution is higher than the sensor resolution when the subject just fits the MFT frame, an MFT shooter can't magnify more because you clip your subject. In contrast, the X-T5 can magnify an additional 1.33x and still fit the subject on the frame. Pixels on a Sony A7R IV or V are only slightly larger than 20Mpix MFT but you can magnify an additional two times. The simpler way to think about it is probably that the same field of view is sampled by more pixels, which helps if there is enough optical resolution.
I still consider this a theoretical benefit and at least for my fish portraits not something that concerns me. In practice, limited DOF often makes us use aperture settings where the optical resolution no longer exceeds sensor resolution. But in macro photography discussions I often have the feeling that people are chasing magnification without paying enough attention to resolution.